Baroque versus German Fingering for Recorders

When purchasing a recorder, one of the most important choices you’ll make is the fingering system. Most soprano recorders are available in either German fingering or Baroque fingering.

So what’s the difference?

Tuning, Progression, and Musical Flexibility

German fingering is often used as an entry point for younger students or first-time recorder players, particularly when ease of initial fingering is a priority. For some children, this can make the earliest stages of learning feel more accessible.

As students gain experience—especially those who have had prior flute or recorder instruction—many teachers prefer Baroque fingering. Although the forked fingering for the note F may feel unfamiliar at first, Baroque fingering supports more consistent tuning across keys and greater musical flexibility overall.

For this reason, most modern recorder method books and ensemble programs are based on Baroque fingering. When taught carefully, Baroque fingering is not significantly more difficult and provides a strong foundation for continued recorder study.

A Common Misunderstanding: Double Finger Holes

A frequent source of confusion is the presence of double finger holes (for C/C-sharp and D/D-sharp on soprano recorders).

Double holes are not exclusive to Baroque fingering
They can appear on both German and Baroque instruments

The most reliable way to distinguish Baroque fingering is by looking at the size of the fifth finger hole (used by the right-hand middle finger):

Baroque fingering: noticeably larger fifth finger hole
German fingering: smaller fifth finger hole

This difference affects tuning and fingering behavior rather than outward appearance alone.

Why the Recorders in the Image Look Almost Identical

In photographs, German and Baroque recorders often appear nearly the same. That’s because they use the same number of holes in the same positions.

The difference is not where the holes are — it’s the size of one specific hole. This size difference can be subtle to see in images but has a meaningful impact on tuning and musical flexibility when playing.

Which Fingering Should You Choose?

German fingering is often chosen for beginners who want the simplest possible entry point
Baroque fingering is preferred for students who plan to continue recorder study, play a broader repertoire, or participate in ensembles

If a music teacher or program specifies a fingering system, that guidance should always take priority.

If you’re unsure which option is right for your child or setting, we’re happy to help you choose.